The years leading up to 2020 were challenging for Sri Lanka, marked by economic instability, political turbulence, and social unrest. The nation grappled with increasing national debt, rising inflation, and a weakened currency, all of which took a toll on the economy. Political instability only exacerbated these issues, with frequent changes in leadership leading to a lack of cohesive governance. The social fabric of the country was strained as public dissatisfaction grew, manifesting in widespread protests against the government’s handling of these crises. The COVID-19 pandemic further exposed the vulnerabilities within the system, highlighting shortcomings in public health preparedness and response. Infrastructure development also stagnated during this period, leaving many projects incomplete and hindering progress.